ISikhokelo esiGqibeleleyo kwiiBhokisi zokuThengisa: Iintlobo, iiNzuzo, kunye nezicelo kwiiSetingi zeShishini
I. Intshayelelo
A. Yintoni iBhokisi yoTshintsho?
Ibhokisi yokuthengisa, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-aisikhongozeli senguquokanyeibhokisi esongelayo, sisikhongozeli esomeleleyo, esisebenzisekayo kwakhona esenzelwe ukuququzelela ukuphathwa ngokukhuselekileyo, ukuthuthwa, kunye nokugcinwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo kwiindawo zoshishino. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iibhokisi zenguqu zenziwe ngezinto ezomeleleyo njengeplastiki, isinyithi, okanye intsimbi, kwaye uyilo lwazo lugxininisa ukuguquguquka, ukuqina, kunye nokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwendawo.
Ezi bhokisi zisetyenziselwa ukugcina, ukuthutha, kunye nokukhusela iimveliso ngexesha lokudibanisa, ukuvelisa, kunye neenkqubo zokusasazwa, ukuphucula kakhulu ukulungelelaniswa kwempahla kwiikhonkco zokubonelela. Igama elithi "turnover" libhekisela ekukwazini kwabo ukuphetshwa okanye ukujikeleziswa, ukuvumela ukufikelela lula kwimixholo ngaphandle kokususa ibhokisi okanye ukuphazamisa izinto ezigciniweyo. Olu phawu luluncedo ngakumbi kwiindawo apho ukusebenza kakuhle kwexesha kunye nokhuseleko lwemveliso kubaluleke kakhulu.
B. Ukubaluleka kweeBhokisi zoTshintsho kwiiSetingi zeShishini
Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje elikhawulezayo{0}lemizi-mveliso, ukuphatha imathiriyeli okusebenzayo kunye nezisombululo zogcino zibalulekile. Iibhokisi ze-turnover zingundoqo ekunciphiseni iindleko zabasebenzi, ukuphucula ukuhamba komsebenzi, kunye nokuphucula ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi. Babonelela ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo yokuthutha iimpahla, enceda imibutho ukuba isebenze kakuhle. Ngokwamkela iibhokisi zentengiso, amashishini anokulungelelanisa iinkqubo zemveliso, aphucule intlangano, kwaye anciphise umngcipheko womonakalo ngexesha lokuhamba.
Kwimizi-mveliso, iimoto, amayeza, kunye -nemizi mveliso yorhwebo, iibhokisi zentengiso zibalulekile. Ukusetyenziswa kwabo kunceda ukuphepha inkunkuma, kwandisa isantya sokuhlanganisa okanye ukupakisha imigca, kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zihlala zilungile njengoko zihamba ngezigaba ezahlukeneyo zekhonkco lokubonelela. Zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo zokunciphisa ulibaziseko lokusebenza kunye nokuqinisekisa{3}imigangatho yomgangatho ophezulu kuwo wonke amashishini.
C. Injongo yesiKhokelo
Esi sikhokelo sibanzi sijolise ekuboneleleni nge{0}}nzulu ukuqonda kweebhokisi zenguqu, eziquka iindidi ngeendidi, imathiriyeli, izibonelelo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo kumashishini amaninzi. Injongo kukuncedisa imibutho ekukhetheni ezona zisombululo zifanelekileyo zebhokisi yengeniso ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zabo, ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko kwimisebenzi yabo.
II. Iindidi zeebhokisi zokuThengisa
Iibhokisi zenguqu ziyafumaneka ngokweemilo ezahlukeneyo, ubungakanani, kunye nemathiriyeli, eyilelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zamashishini ahlukeneyo. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zeebhokisi zentengiso zisekelwe kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, usetyenziso olucetywayo, kunye nokuba ziyaqengqeleka okanye ziqinile. Nazi ezinye zeentlobo eziphambili:
A. Iibhokisi zePlastiki zokuTshintsha
1. Iimpawu
Iibhokisi zePlastiki zenguqu ziphakathi kwezona zidumileyo ngenxa yobume bazo obukhaphukhaphu, ukuqina, kunye nokuxhathisa ukubola. Ezi bhokisi zenziwe nge-high -i-polyethylene yoxinaniso (HDPE) okanye i-polypropylene (PP), imathiriyeli eyaziwa ngamandla kunye nokuguquguquka. Ziyilelwe ukuphatha, ukugcina, kunye nemisebenzi yothutho eyahlukeneyo.
2. Iingenelo
Ikhaphukhaphu: Kulula ukuhambisa nokuphatha.
Ukunyangwa koMhlwa: Iyakwazi ukumelana nomhlwa, izenza zilungele indawo apho kukho ukufuma.
Iindleko{0}}Ezisebenzayo: Iibhokisi zeplastiki azibizi kakhulu xa zithelekiswa nezinye izinto zentsimbi.
Ukuqina: Ukumelana neekhemikhali ezininzi kunye neempembelelo, ezizenza zilungele ukuphatha uluhlu olubanzi lweempahla.
3. Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo
Iibhokisi zenguqu zeplastiki zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini afana nokulungiswa kokutya, amayeza, ukuthengisa, kunye nemveliso jikelele. Zikulungele ukugcina nokuthutha iimpahla ezifuna ukuphathwa okuphakathi.
B. Iibhokisi zeeNtsili zokuThengisa
1. Iimpawu
Yenziwe ngesinyithi esomeleleyo njengeintsimbiokanyealuminiyam, iibhokisi zokutshintsha intsimbi zomelele, -izikhongozeli ezinzima eziyilelwe ukumelana nempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwaye zithwala imithwalo enzima. Ezi bhokisi zisetyenziswa kumashishini afuna ukomelela kunye nozinzo, afana necandelo leemoto nelokwakha.
2. Iingenelo
Amandla aphezulu: Iibhokisi zokuguqulwa kwesinyithi zinokuthwala imithwalo enzima xa kuthelekiswa neplastiki.
Ubomi Obude: Ezi bhokisi zihlala ixesha elide, nakwiindawo ezinzima.
Ukuqina: Izikhongozeli zetsimbi ziyamelana nomonakalo ovela kwimitha ye-UV, ubushushu, kunye neekhemikhali eziqatha.
3. Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo
Iibhokisi zokurhweba ngesinyithi zisetyenziswa ikakhulu kumashishini abandakanya izinto ezinzima, ezifana necandelo leemoto, i-aerospace, kunye ne-elektroniki. Zikwaxhaphakile kwindawo apho -ubushushu obuphezulu bufunekayo.
C. Iibhokisi zokuTshintsho eziQotywayo
1. Iimpawu
Iibhokisi zenguqu ezigotywayo ziyilelwe ukugoba xa zingasetyenziswa, okonga indawo exabisekileyo. Olu phawu lubenza balungele ugcino lwexeshana okanye kwindawo apho amanqanaba e-inventri eguquguqukayo kwaye indawo ikwiprimiyamu.
2. Iingenelo
Isithuba-Ukugcina: Inokudilizwa kwaye ifakwe xa ingasetyenziswa, ukunciphisa kakhulu indawo yokugcina.
Iindleko -Ngokufanelekileyo: Kudla ngokungabizi kakhulu ukuthutha kuba bahlala kwindawo encinci xa bengenanto.
Ikhaphukhaphu: Kulula ukuyiphatha xa imiselwe ngokupheleleyo okanye iwile.
3. Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo
Ezi bhokisi ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwie{0}urhwebokwayeIvenkileamashishini, apho iimpahla kufuneka zithunyelwe kwaye zibuyiselwe. Zikwasetyenziswa kwiindawo zokugcina iimpahla ezinamazinga eempahla eziguquguqukayo, apho ulawulo lwendawo lubalulekile.
D. Iibhokisi zokuThengisa ngokweSiko
1. Iimpawu
Iibhokisi zokurhweba ngokwesiqhelo ziyilelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zamashishini athile. Ezi bhokisi zinokulungiswa ngokobungakanani, imathiriyeli, kunye neempawu zoyilo (ezifana nokongeza izivalo, iikhompatimenti, okanye ukomelezwa okongeziweyo) ukuze zilungele imisebenzi ekhethekileyo.
2. Iingenelo
Yenzelwe IiMfuno Ezikhethekileyo: Iibhokisi zentengiso yesiko zenzelwe ukuphatha iimveliso ezizodwa, zizenze zilungele amashishini aneemfuno ezithile.
UkuKhuselwa okwandisiweyo: Uyilo oluqhelekileyo lunokubandakanya iimpawu ezifana nokufakwa kwe-foam, i-cushioning, okanye izinto ezifakwe kwi-insulated ukubonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelweyo kwizinto ezibuthathaka.
Impumelelo eyongeziweyo: Ukwenza ngokwezifiso kunokuphucula ukuphathwa, ukugcinwa, kunye nokuthuthwa kweemveliso ezithile, ukwandisa ukuhamba komsebenzi.
3. Ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo
Iibhokisi zenguqu eziqhelekileyo zisetyenziswa kumashishini afanaukwenziwa kwezinto zombane, amayeza, izixhobo zonyango, kwaye{0}ukwenziwa kobugcisa obuphezulu, apho iibhokisi eziqhelekileyo azikwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zeemveliso ezithile.
III. IiNzuzo zokuSebenzisa iiBhokisi zoTshintsho kwiiSetingi zeShishini
Izibonelelo zeebhokisi zentengiso zanda ngaphaya kokubonelela ngezisombululo zokugcina. Ukukwazi kwabo ukwenza ngcono ukuhamba komsebenzi, ukunciphisa iindleko, kunye nokuqinisekisa imfezeko yemveliso kubenza babe yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokusebenza kwemizi-mveliso. Ngezantsi zizibonelelo eziphambili zokusebenzisa iibhokisi zentengiso:
A. Impumelelo eyongeziweyo ekuPhathweni kwezinto
ULungiselelo loLungiselelo: Iibhokisi zenguqu zenzelwe ukupakishwa ngokucocekileyo, zenze kube lula ukuthutha nokugcina. Zinokulayishwa lula kwizithuthi zothutho, ukulungiselela ulungiselelo kunye nokunciphisa amaxesha okulayisha.
UkuPhathwa okuNcitshisiweyo: Uyilo oluqinileyo lweebhokisi zentengiso lunciphisa imfuno yokuphatha ngokugqithiseleyo, oko kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokulimala emsebenzini kunye nomonakalo wemveliso.
Ukufikelela ngokukhawuleza kwiiMpahla: Uyilo lweebhokisi zentengiso luvumela ukufikelela lula kwiimveliso ngaphakathi ngaphandle kwesidingo sokukhupha okanye ukulungelelanisa ezinye izitya. Oku kuluncedo kakhulu kumashishini anamazinga aphezulu okuthengisa.
B. Ugcino lweendleko
Ihlala ixesha elide kwaye iyasebenziseka kwakhona: Iibhokisi zeturnover zingaphinda zisetyenziswe amatyeli amaninzi, ukunciphisa imfuno yokupakisha enye{0}}ekunye kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokulahla inkunkuma.
-Utyalo-mali oluZinzileyo: Yenziwe kwizinto ezihlala ixesha elide njengeplastiki okanye isinyithi, iibhokisi zentengiso zihlala ixesha elide kuneebhokisi zekhadibhodi zendabuko, zibonelela ngembuyekezo ephezulu kutyalo-mali ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Iindleko zabasebenzi eziNcitshisiweyo: Ngokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle ekuphatheni, ekuhleleni nasekuthuthweni, iibhokisi zengeniso zinokulinciphisa ixesha abasebenzi abalichitha besenza inkcitho, ngaloo ndlela ziphucula imveliso nokunciphisa iindleko zomsebenzi.
C. Ukuqina kunye Nobomi obude
Ukuchasa impembelelo: Yenzelwe ukumelana noxinzelelo lomzimba, iibhokisi zentengiso azinakwenzeka ukuqhekeka, zophuka, okanye zonakaliswe ngexesha lokuphatha, ukuthutha, okanye ukugcinwa.
Ukumelana neMozulu: Iibhokisi zePlastiki nezentsimbi zokutshintsha amaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo, ukuvezwa kwe-UV, kunye neekhemikhali, zizenza zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezibango lwemizi-mveliso.
D. Ukuphuculwa koKhuseleko eMsebenzini
Uyilo lwe-Ergonomic: Iibhokisi ezininzi zenguqu ziyilwe zineempawu ze-ergonomic ezifanakulula-ukubamba{1}}iziphatho, okwenza kube lula ukushukuma nokubamba. Oku kunciphisa umngcipheko wokwenzakala emqolo nasesihlahleni phakathi kwabasebenzi.
Ukukhuselwa kuNgcoliseko: Kumashishini afana namayeza okanye ukulungiswa kokutya, iibhokisi zentengiso zinceda ukugcina izinga eliphezulu lococeko kunye nokhuseleko lwemveliso. Ezi bhokisi ziyilelwe ukuba zibe lula ukuzicoca kunye nokucoceka.
Umbutho: Iibhokisi ze-turnover zinceda ukuququzelela iimveliso kunye nezixhobo, ukunciphisa umngcipheko weengozi okanye ukwenzakala okubangelwa iindawo zokusebenza ezingalungelelananga.
IV. Ukusetyenziswa kweeBhokisi zeTshintsho kuMacandelo Ahlukeneyo oShishino
Iibhokisi zenguqu zinosetyenziso oluguquguqukayo kuluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini. Ngezantsi yimizekelo ephambili apho zisetyenziswa khona:
A. Ushishino lweemoto
Kwishishini leemoto, iibhokisi zokuthengisa zisetyenziselwa ukugcina nokuhambisa iinxalenye ezincinci, izixhobo kunye neendibano ecaleni komgca wemveliso. Baqinisekisa ukuba iinxalenye zifikeleleka ngokulula kwaye zikhuselwe emonakalweni ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa.
B. Ishishini lokutya neziselo
Iibhokisi ze-turnover kwishishini lokutya kunye nesiselo zisetyenziselwa ukugcina nokuthutha izithako zokutya kunye neemveliso ezigqityiweyo. Yabouyilo olucocekileyoiqinisekisa ukuba imigangatho yococeko iyafezekiswa, kwaye bahlala beza nayoiziciko ezitywiniweyoukukhusela ukutya ekosulelweni.
C. Amayeza
Kwimveliso kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamayeza, iibhokisi zentengiso zinceda ekuphatheni iimveliso ezinobuzaza ezifana namayeza, izixhobo zonyango, kunye neesampulu zaselebhu. Ekhethekileyoiqondo lobushushu-ezilawulwayo zeebhokisi zenguquzisetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zigcinwa phantsi kweemeko ezithile zokusingqongileyo.
D. E-urhwebo kunye noLungiselelo loRhwebo
Iibhokisi zenguqu zilungile kugcino kunye nokuthuthwa kwempahla kwi-e-ulungiselelo lorhwebo. Yabouyilo oluqengqelekayoivumela ukugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo xa ingasetyenziswa, ngelixa ukuqina kwabo kuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso zihanjiswa ngokukhuselekileyo.
E. Electronics Manufacturing
Iibhokisi zenguqu zisetyenziselwa ukuthutha izinto ezibuthathaka ze-elektroniki ngokukhuselekileyo kuzo zonke iindibano. Iibhokisi{1} eziyilwe ngokwesiko zinokufakwaamagumbiokanyeukufakwa kwamagwebuukukhusela iindawo ezibuthathaka ngexesha lokuphatha kunye nokuthutha.
V. Isiphelo
Iibhokisi zenguqu ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokusebenza kwemizi-mveliso yanamhlanje, enikezela ngesisombululo esithembekileyo nesisebenzayo sokuphatha, ukuthutha, nokugcina imathiriyeli kuluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini. Ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nemathiriyeli ekhoyo, iinkampani zinokukhetha iibhokisi zentengiso ezihlangabezana neemfuno zabo, ziqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle, ukonga iindleko, kunye nokhuseleko oluphuculweyo. Ngokwamkela iibhokisi zokurhweba njengesixhobo esisemgangathweni, amashishini anokuzilungelelanisa iinkqubo zawo, anciphise inkunkuma, kwaye agcine{2}}imigangatho yomgangatho ophezulu kwimisebenzi yawo. Nokuba yeyamalungu eemoto, amayeza, iimveliso zokutya, okanye i-elektroniki, iibhokisi zentengiso zibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuhamba kakuhle nokucwangcisiweyo kwemathiriyeli ngaphakathi kwekhonkco lokubonelela.
